QUOTE (Ben-T @ May 30 2005, 02:41 AM)
No, they quite simply were second class citizens.
There status as "People of the book" gave them the right not to be slaughtered. However as non-Muslims they were treated as second class.
The Islamic Empire was a good thing for Muslims, and nobody else.
With Christians
Moreover, what increases the greatness of the Islamic achievements concerning tolerance, equality and justice is that Islam does not ignore other religions as secular countries have done. In addition, this equality and justice do not disregard the Islamic reference as the secularists tended to do. The Islamic constitution of al-Madinah asserted this Islamic reference: "When there are differences, disputes or struggles among the people of al-Madinah about anything, the matter will be referred for a decision to Allah and to His Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)."
When the Islamic state extended to include the Christians of Najran, the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) sent them a letter in which he assured them of pluralism, freedom, Islamic tolerance, equality and justice.
The Pact of Najran included the following:
* Full protection is accorded from Allah and His Prophet (peace be upon him) to the Christian inhabitants of Najran regarding their life, land, nationhood, property and wealth, even to those who are residing as their dependants in the vicinity of Najran and to those living outside the country, their priests, monks, churches, and
everything, whether great or small.
* No bishop or monk will be removed from his office. The intention being that no change in any form of every one will be made (the status quo shall be maintained).
* They will neither be subjected to military service nor be treated harshly.
* They will not be dealt with unjustly.
* I (prophet Muhammad) shall protect them and safeguard their religion, churches, places of worship, the houses of their monks, their belongings and their tourist places wherever they are, in the same way as I protect my Islamic nation and myself.
* None of their buildings will be adjacent to the Muslim's Mosques or houses.
* None of them will pay Kharaj (1) or Jizyah (2) except those who have an inheritance of land that has a specific tax to be paid to the Sultan. Such being the case, they shall be required to pay as their counterparts without injustice, unfairness or excess. Muslims should not put on them a burden greater than they have strength to bear concerning cultivation.
* None of them should be compelled to fight alongside Muslims against their enemies as they were promised to be protected by the Muslims and not vice versa. Furthermore, Muslims shall protect
them wherever they are.
* None of them should be compelled to provide Muslims during battles with soldiers, money, weapons or horses. If some of them do so voluntarily, they should be thanked and rewarded.
* None of them should be compelled to embrace Islam and Muslims should not argue with them unless it is in a way that is better; with good words and manners. Muslims should lower to them the wing of mercy and keep them from harm wherever they are.
* None of them should be compelled concerning marriage; they should not be compelled to marry their daughters to Muslims. They should not be blamed if they refuse the suitor, as it is their absolute right to reject or to accept voluntarily.
* If a Muslim gets married to a Christian woman, he should be content with her Christianity and should not prevent her from performing her religious rituals. If he prevents and compels her to do something opposing her religion, then he will be of those who disobey Allah and His Prophet and he will be amongst the liars.
* If they need assistance concerning reconstruction of their churches, hermitages or any thing else regarding their interests, the Muslims should help and assist them without seeking compensation in order to support the interests of their religion as a favor from Allah and His Prophet (peace be upon him).
* Muslims should keep my promise, as I promised them to protect and safeguard all their belongings. Furthermore, they have the same rights and the same duties as Muslims.
Actually, the people of current times, who do not know the reality of Islam, are overwhelmingly amazed because of the Islamic generosity, equality, justice and tolerance towards those of other religions fourteen centuries ago. Undoubtedly, their amazement will increase when they come to know that Islam does not ask others to return this generosity and tolerance.
1. A tax or tribute on land. This was originally applied to a land tribute from non-Muslim tribes.
2. Head-tax imposed by Islam on the people of the Scripture when they are under Muslim rule.